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Thought to originate from Scotland in the Middle Ages the Cairn was used for flushing foxes from cairns and for exterminating vermin. It is one of the most popular terrier breeds in the UK, due in part to its trainability, size and personality. In true terrier fashion however, they can sometimes retain a brash, uncompromising attitude to strangers and other dogs 

The average life expectancy for a Cairn Terrier is 12 to 14 years, with a weight range of 14-17lbs and standing between 10" and 13" at the shoulder. 

The Canaan dog is a truly historic breed and can trace its origins back to antiquity, as a scavenger and then as a working companion for Arab tribesmen. The modern day breed was developed in the 20th Century and because of its versatile nature has been used in a variety of roles, including guarding, herding, guiding and as a search and rescue dog.

The average life expectancy for a Canaan is 12 to 13 years, with a weight range of 35-55lbs and standing between 19" and 24" at the shoulder. 

Distinct from the King Charles Spaniel, the Cavalier has the longer muzzle and is thought to be more representative of the dogs that were owned by the English monarch Charles II. The Cavalier King Charles was officially recognised as a separate breed in the 1940's. As with many of today's popular dog breeds, unscrupulous breeding has led to inherited faults within some bloodlines, the most notable being heart problems which can reduce life spans by a quarter.  

The average life expectancy for a Cavalier King Charles Spaniel is 10 to 14 years, with a weight range of 12-20lbs and standing between 12" and 14" at the shoulder. 

Originating in the United States from around the start of the 20th Century, the Chesapeake is thought to be a derivation of two or more Newfoundland retriever breeds. Developed primarily as a waterfowl retriever, they are excellent companions and perform well as gundogs.

The average life expectancy for a Chesapeake Bay Retriever is 12 to 14 years, with a weight range of 55-75lbs and standing between 21" and 26" at the shoulder. 

Named after the Mexico region of Chihuahua and are considered to have originated in their present form at the beginning of the 19th Century. Their earlier descendants are thought to have arrived with either the Spanish invaders or Chinese traders. They have always been and continue to be a lapdog and companion.

 The average life expectancy for a Chihuahua is 11 to 14 years, with a weight range of 65-80lbs and standing between 22" and 28" at the shoulder. 

Although the modern day examples are credited to the Chinese, it is more likely that these dogs have their origins in Africa. From there they were taken to Asia and the Far East by traders and were then adopted and developed by their adopted country. They were and continue to be a companion dog only

The average life expectancy for a Chinese Crested Dog is 12 to 14 years, with a weight range of 6-12lbs and standing between 10" and 13" at the shoulder. 

Alternatively known as the Chinese Fighting Dog, the Shar Pei is a relative to the Chow Chow and is thought to be the resulting cross from mating Mastiff and Spitz-like dogs. When China prohibited dogs, the breed faced extinction, but was saved by breeders outside of mainland China. The physical construction of the dog and its folded skin can lead to problems and regular washing and grooming is necessary. The Shar Pei developed as a dog fighter, a herding dog and as a hunter. 

The average life expectancy for a Shar Pei is 10 to 12 years, with a weight range of 35-50lbs and standing between 18" and 22" at the shoulder. 

In many parts of the Far East dog meat was and still is considered a delicacy and the Chow Chow was no doubt seen in that same context. With a typical terrier like attitude they have been employed as guard dogs and draught animals, though many of today's dogs are kept as companions and house dogs. The breed is thought to derive from spitz-like bloodlines, possibly imported by traders. 

 The average life expectancy for a Chow Chow is 10 to 12 years, with a weight range of 45-75lbs and standing between 18" and 22" at the shoulder. 

Named after Clumber Park, seat of the Duke of Newcastle these dogs are thought to be derived from Hound and Retriever bloodlines. They were developed for tracking and retrieving game, either individually or as a member of a team. Today they are kept as companions as well as as working dogs and adapt equally well to either rural or urban living.

The average life expectancy for a Clumber Spaniel is 12 to 14 years, with a weight range of 65-80lbs and standing between 18" and 22" at the shoulder. 

The Rough Collie is famous as the "Lassie" dog whose heroic adventures were dramatised in the cinema and brought the breed to the attention of a worldwide audience. Originally a herding dog from northern Scotland, it dates from the beginning of the 19th Century and is slightly taller today than its earlier working ancestors. Its basic protective instincts make the Rough Collie an excellent companion, watchdog and are extremely good with children  Due to their intelligence they are a relatively easy breed to train, but as with most working breeds can require a great deal of exercise.

The average life expectancy for a Rough Collie is 12 to 14 years, with a weight range of 40-60lbs and standing between 20" and 24" at the shoulder.

The Smooth Collie no doubt shares some common ancestry with the more popular and numerous Rough Collie, but is much more uncommon within the United Kingdom and rare outside of its native country. It doesn't have the same outgoing nature or reliability as its nearest relative, but nonetheless can be a good companion. Developed as a herding breed, they can require a great deal of exercise in order to maintain them.

The average life expectancy for a Smooth Collie is 12 to 14 years, with a weight range of 40-60lbs and standing between 20" and 24" at the shoulder. 

Originating in Britain from around the beginning of the 19th Century the Curly Coated Retriever is thought to be one of the oldest retriever breed in the UK and yet today is one of the least common. Its primary role was the retrieval of fowl from water, which it continues to fulfil as well as that of a companion dog. They are a calm and reliable breed, but can be prone to hereditary problems such as hip problems

The average life expectancy for a Curly Coated Retriever is 12 to 14 years, with a weight range of 65-80lbs and standing between 24" and 28" at the shoulder.